Academic Articles & Research Papers

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy via Vestibular Approach: A series of the first ten cases in Iraq

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy was first described as an experimental sublingual approach. This approach was modified to a vestibular approach to avoid complications. In this report, we describe the results of the first ten cases of a t...

Interaction with LLM-Based Systems: A Structured Review and Taxonomy of Mechanisms and Autonomy

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into interactive systems across domains such as software development, robotics, and education. As these systems evolve from simple chat interfaces to autonomous, tool-using agents, th...

Innovations in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a review of clinical evidence and patient-reported outcomes for ExoTMS

IntroductionTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique with demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of multiple psychiatric and neurological disorders. ExoTMS represents an evolution in TMS system des...

Quantum error correction with an Ising machine under circuit-level noise

Efficient decoding to estimate error locations from outcomes of syndrome measurements is the prerequisite for quantum error correction. Decoding in the presence of circuit-level noise including measurement errors should be considered in cas...

Quantum computing with neutral atoms

The power of quantum computation derives from algorithmic methods that exploit the availability of quantum superposition and entanglement to perform computations that are intractable with classical devices. The race is on to develop hardwar...

Quantum computing for smart grid applications

Abstract Computational complexities in modern power systems are reportedly increasing daily, and it is anticipated that traditional computers might be inadequate to provide the computation prerequisite in future complex power grids. In that...

Quantum computing, postselection, and probabilistic polynomial-time

I study the class of problems efficiently solvable by a quantum computer, given the ability to ‘postselect’ on the outcomes of measurements. I prove that this class coincides with a classical complexity class called PP, or probabilistic pol...

Consensus routing: the internet as a distributed system

Internet routing protocols (BGP, OSPF, RIP) have traditionally favored responsiveness over consistency. A router applies a received update immediately to its forwarding table before propagating the update to other routers, including those t...

Gaps and Opportunities in Situational Awareness for Cybersecurity

Demand is present among security practitioners for improving cyber situational awareness (SA), but capability and assessment have not risen to match. SA is an integral component of cybersecurity for everyone from individuals to business to ...

Cybersecurity and financial stability

Abstract Cyber risk exposes banks to operational disruptions that can trigger runs. A bank chooses its cybersecurity by trading off protection against attacks with remaining resilient if an attack succeeds. Cybersecurity functions as a risk...

Machine learning in cybersecurity: a comprehensive survey

Today’s world is highly network interconnected owing to the pervasiveness of small personal devices (e.g., smartphones) as well as large computing devices or services (e.g., cloud computing or online banking), and thereby each passing minut...

Cybersecurity: A Pre-history

The ‘cyber’ issue is not new, but rather has taken a half-century to develop. Indeed, it was already decades old before the general public and many senior leaders recognized its salience in the mid-1990s. It developed, moreover, along a log...

Capturing student interest in software engineering through gamification: a systematic literature review

Abstract ICT tools in education are widely used to support the aim of achieving learning outcomes by improving critical areas such as student engagement, participation, and motivation. In this study, we examine literature to explore how gam...

Value-based software engineering

Much of current software engineering practice and research is done in a value-neutral setting, in which every requirement, use case, object, and defect is treated as equally important; methods are presented and practiced as largely logical ...

Recommended Steps for Thematic Synthesis in Software Engineering

Thematic analysis is an approach that is often used for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) within data in primary qualitative research. 'Thematic synthesis' draws on the principles of thematic analysis and identifies th...

Nonlinear Dynamics of Swinging Clapper Bells under Arbitrary or Resonant Forcing Functions

Study of swinging clapper bells involves aspects encompassing sound and acoustic engineering, mechanical engineering, and structural engineering. From the musical point of view, clapper bells are directly played idiophone instruments, where...

Numerical computation of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects on rotational micropolar nanomaterials with activation energy

The current article investigates the numerical study of the micropolar nanofluid flow through a 3D rotating surface. This communication may manipulate for the aim such as the delivery of the drug, cooling of electronic chips, nanoscience an...

Clinical outcomes in various coronary artery bypass grafting techniques: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The Balanced Opioid Initiative: protocol for a clustered, sequential, multiple-assignment randomized trial to construct an adaptive implementation strategy to improve guideline-concordant opioid prescribing in primary care

Abstract Background Rates of opioid prescribing tripled in the USA between 1999 and 2015 and were associated with significant increases in opioid misuse and overdose death. Roughly half of all opioids are prescribed in primary care. Althoug...

Data resource profile: a nationally representative linked pregnancy cohort in Canada integrating clinical, social, and environmental data

Introduction Perinatal outcomes are shaped by clinical, social, and environmental factors, yet Canada lacks a nationally representative pregnancy cohort capturing these influences at the individual-level. This gap has limited the ability to...