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Showing 6 of 6 academic articles

System 2 Thinking in OpenAI’s o1-Preview Model: Near-Perfect Performance on a Mathematics Exam

Joost C. F. de Winter, Dimitra Dodou, Yke Bauke Eisma • Computers (2024)

The processes underlying human cognition are often divided into System 1, which involves fast, intuitive thinking, and System 2, which involves slow, deliberate reasoning. Previously, large language models were criticized for lacking the de...

DOAJ Open Access (DOAJ) DOI: 10.3390/computers13110278

Quantifying Gender Bias in Large Language Models Using Information-Theoretic and Statistical Analysis

Imran Mirza, Akbar Anbar Jafari, Cagri Ozcinar, Gholamreza Anbarjafari • Information (2025)

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing across diverse domains, yet they also raise critical fairness and ethical concerns, particularly regarding gender bias. In this study, we conduct a systematic, mat...

DOAJ Open Access (DOAJ) DOI: 10.3390/info16050358

Menstrual Health Education Using a Specialized Large Language Model in India: Development and Evaluation Study of MenstLLaMA

Prottay Kumar Adhikary, Isha Motiyani, Gayatri Oke, Maithili Joshi et al. • Journal of Medical Internet Research (2025)

Abstract BackgroundThe quality and accessibility of menstrual health education (MHE) in low- and middle-income countries, including India, remain inadequate due to persistent challenges (eg, poverty, social stigma, and gender in...

DOAJ Open Access (DOAJ) DOI: 10.2196/71977

Development of a BIM-based AI-driven matching tool for LCA datasets

Dino Petrosa, Pamela Haverkamp, Jana Gerta Backes, David Crampen et al. • Discover Sustainability (2025)

Abstract The construction sector significantly contributes to environmental issues and often relies on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for the quantification and optimization of its environmental impacts. One of the most time- and labour-intens...

DOAJ Open Access (DOAJ) DOI: 10.1007/s43621-025-02203-8

Large language model bias auditing for periodontal diagnosis using an ambiguity-probe methodology: a pilot study

Teerachate Nantakeeratipat • Frontiers in Digital Health (2026)

BackgroundLarge Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare holds immense promise yet carries the risk of perpetuating social biases. While artificial intelligence (AI) fairness is a growing concern, a gap exists in understanding how these models ...

DOAJ Open Access (DOAJ) DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2025.1687820

The Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Assessing Content Validity: A Comparative Study with Human Experts

Hatice Gürdil, Hatice Özlem Anadol, Yeşim Beril Soğuksu • Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi (2026)

This study investigated whether artificial intelligence (AI) systems could evaluate the content validity of B1-level English reading comprehension items in a manner comparable to human experts. A 25-item multiple-choice test was developed a...

DOAJ Open Access (DOAJ) DOI: 10.30964/auebfd.1807153