Humanities & Social Sciences

Burglary offenses, especially domestic burglaries, have increasingly been the focus of public interest in recent years. This area of crime is essential for the public's sense of security and thus also for crime policy. The tightening of penalties for domestic burglary enacted by the legislature in 2017 has been the subject of widespread discussion in criminal policy and criminal law dogmatics. This study addresses the offense area of burglary from an empirical perspective, the sanctioning of offenders as well as their criminal history and recidivism by evaluating a nationwide dataset from the Federal Central Register. Using the underlying data material, the criminal careers of burglars are also analyzed prospectively over a nine-year recidivism period and - if no redemptions were made - retrospectively over an indefinite period.

Remarkable advances in medical diagnostic imaging have been made during the past few decades. The development of new imaging techniques and continuous improvements in the display of digital images have opened new horizons in the study of brain anatomy and pathology. The field of brain imaging has now become a fast-moving, demanding and exciting multidisciplinary activity. I hope that this textbook will be useful to students and clinicians in the field of neuroscience, in understanding the fundamentals of advances in brain imaging.

To say that technology is male comes as no surprise, but the claim that its history is a short one strikes a new note. Making Technology Masculine: Men, Women, and Modern Machines in America, 1870-1945 maps the historical process through which men laid claims to technology as their exclusive terrain. It also explores how women contested this ascendancy of the male discourse and engineered alternative plots. From the moral gymnasium of the shop floor to the staging grounds of World's Fairs, engineers, inventors, social scientists, activists, and novelists emplotted and questioned technology as our modern male myth. Oldenziel recounts the history of technology - both as intellectual construct and material practice - by analyzing these struggles. Drawing on a broad range of sources, she explains why male machines rather than female fabrics have become the modern markers of technology. She shows how technology developed as a narrative production of modern manliness, allowing women little room for negotiation.

The ageing of the population represents a critical challenge for healthcare and social care systems, necessitating a rethinking of care practices and professional training. The frailty of older individuals, particularly within residential settings, underscores the need for multidisciplinary approaches that transcend the traditional medical-care model. This study, conducted as part of a doctoral research project, investigates the competencies required to enhance the quality of care in residential care homes for the older people (Case Residenza per Anziani, CRA). Employing a mixed-methods methodology, the research identified the training needs of care staff and implemented an educational model aimed at strengthening professional competencies. The integration of personalised and multidimensional training pathways proved essential in promoting active ageing and the overall well-being of older people. The findings highlight the need for updated training policies, oriented towards personalised care and the reduction of restrictive practices.

This collection highlights diverse epistemological perspectives in original research on the important role of multimodality in second language contexts. The volume explores a wide range of theoretical and methodological traditions toward foregrounding the notion that bodily action is not merely an add-on to the modality of talk but an integral part of second language teaching, learning, and interaction. Following an introductory chapter, 18 empirical chapters feature either classroom or non-classroom research, which shed light on different dimensions of multimodality in second language contexts, including learning reflected in gesture, learning gesture across languages, the role of bodily action in language teaching, and the role of movement in configuring space for effective communication. Each empirical chapter follows a consistent structure detailing the research focus, the background to each study, methodology, and findings. A concluding synthesis chapter braids the insights of these chapters, drawing parallels across different methods, and pointing toward crosscutting areas for future research. This book will be of interest to students and scholars in applied linguistics, multilingualism, bilingualism, gesture studies, cognitive science, and psychology.

This open access book focuses on both the theory and practice associated with the tools and approaches for decisionmaking in the face of deep uncertainty. It explores approaches and tools supporting the design of strategic plans under deep uncertainty, and their testing in the real world, including barriers and enablers for their use in practice. The book broadens traditional approaches and tools to include the analysis of actors and networks related to the problem at hand. It also shows how lessons learned in the application process can be used to improve the approaches and tools used in the design process. The book offers guidance in identifying and applying appropriate approaches and tools to design plans, as well as advice on implementing these plans in the real world. For decisionmakers and practitioners, the book includes realistic examples and practical guidelines that should help them understand what decisionmaking under deep uncertainty is and how it may be of assistance to them. Decision Making under Deep Uncertainty: From Theory to Practice is divided into four parts. Part I presents five approaches for designing strategic plans under deep uncertainty: Robust Decision Making, Dynamic Adaptive Planning, Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways, Info-Gap Decision Theory, and Engineering Options Analysis. Each approach is worked out in terms of its theoretical foundations, methodological steps to follow when using the approach, latest methodological insights, and challenges for improvement. In Part II, applications of each of these approaches are presented. Based on recent case studies, the practical implications of applying each approach are discussed in depth. Part III focuses on using the approaches and tools in real-world contexts, based on insights from real-world cases. Part IV contains conclusions and a synthesis of the lessons that can be drawn for designing, applying, and implementing strategic plans under deep uncertainty, as well as recommendations for future work. The publication of this book has been funded by the Radboud University, the RAND Corporation, Delft University of Technology, and Deltares. ; Offers a comprehensive examination of the approaches and tools for designing plans under deep uncertainty and their application Identifies barriers and enablers for the use of the various approaches and tools in practice Includes realistic examples and practical guidelines to help readers better understand the concepts

Ernst Friedrich Sieveking is one of the outstanding personalities in Hamburg's history. He showed special talents at an early age, so that he was already a fully trained lawyer at the age of 21. He then joined a renowned law firm which he managed successfully for many years on his own. In 1879 Sieveking was appointed the first president of the newly founded Hanseatic Higher Regional Court in 1879. Until his death, for thirty years, he remained president of the Court of First Instance, which earned him a high reputation as an expert on maritime law. In addition, he was actively involved in the founding of Hamburg University, which is why he was also a member of the first board of trustees of the Hamburg Scientific Foundation. Surrounded by three representative buildings, the Sievekingplatz in Hamburg still reminds us of him to this day.

This magisterial book offers comprehensive accounts of the professional itineraries of three women in the silent film in the Netherlands, France and North America. Annette Förster presents a careful assessment of the long career of Dutch stage and film actress Adriënne Solser; an exploration of the stage and screen careers of French actress and filmmaker Musidora and Canadian-born actress and filmmaker Nell Shipman; an analysis of the interaction between the popular stage and the silent cinema from the perspective of women at work in both realms; fresh insights into Dutch stage and screen comedy, the French revue and the American Northwest drama of the 1910s; and much more, all grounded in a wealth of archival research.

Die Illusion der Berufswahl. Zur Bedeutung der Passung von Habitus und Feld für Berufswahlstrategien von Lehramtsstudierenden Die einhelligen Ergebnisse der standardisierten Forschung zur Berufswahl von Lehramtsstudierenden weisen den Wunsch nach Arbeit mit Kindern als zentrales Motiv von (angehenden) Lehrer:innen für ihre Berufswahl aus. Pragmatische, aber ebenso naheliegende Beweggründe wie der sichere Beruf, die gute Entlohnung, die Ferien oder die Familienfreundlichkeit, scheinen vernachlässigbar zu sein. Die vorliegende Studie versucht demgegenüber, weniger die explizit genannten rationalen Gründe, als vielmehr immanente bzw. latente Beweggründe für die Entscheidung zum Lehrberuf zu beleuchten. Nicht die Vorderbühne der manifesten Berufswahlmotive, sondern die Hinterbühne der sozialen Einflüsse auf die berufsbezogenen Orientierungen stehen im Rampenlicht. Für die Ergründung der Berufswahl wird auf Pierre Bourdieus Konzept der Dialektik von Habitus und Feld zurückgegriffen. Mit Hilfe der an Bourdieu anschließenden Methode der Sequenzanalytischen Habitusrekonstruktion wird anhand von berufsbezogenen problemzentrierten Interviews gezeigt, welch große Bedeutung der individuierte Habitus für die berufsbezogenen Orientierungen und die (unbewussten) Berufswahlstrategien von Lehramtsstudierenden hat. Ebenso kommen die impliziten Lehrer:innenbilder und das antizipierte Lehrer:innenhandeln der Studierenden zum Vorschein. Die Studie leistet dadurch einerseits einen Beitrag für die Lehrer:innenbildung, indem die illusio und die soziale Ordnung der Studierenden, ihre berufsbezogenen Orientierungen sowie ihre Berufsbilder sichtbar werden und der Lehrer:innenbildung damit einen Spiegel vorgehalten wird. Andererseits erhebt die vorliegende Arbeit auch den Anspruch, das Phänomen der Berufswahlaus einer bislang wenig beleuchteten Perspektive zu erforschen. Erkennbar wird dadurch eine notwendige doppelte Passung für die Studierenden – einer Passung zur Anforderungslogik des Herkunftsfeldes als auch zur Anforderungslogik des angestrebten beruflichen Ankunftsfeld.

Although we spend more than ninety percent of our lives inside buildings, we understand very little about how the built environment affects our behavior, thoughts, emotions, and well-being. We are biological beings whose senses and neural systems have developed over millions of years; it stands to reason that research in the life sciences, particularly neuroscience, can offer compelling insights into the ways our buildings shape our interactions with the world. In Mind in Architecture, leading thinkers from architecture and other disciplines, including neuroscience, cognitive science, psychiatry, and philosophy, explore what architecture and neuroscience can learn from each other.

With the centenary of the First World War, communities across Canada arranged commemorations of the war experience to honour local servicemen who, through their triumphs and sacrifices, were presented as laying the foundation for a free and independent country. Often overlooked are the triumphs and sacrifices of those who supported those soldiers, and the war effort in general, back at home. The Frontier of Patriotism provides an in-depth look at all aspects of Alberta's involvement in the war, reflecting Albertans' experiences both on the battlefield and on the home front. Contributors of the 40 essays all draw heavily on national and local archival resources. The war is seen through the letters, diaries and memoirs of the individuals who lived through it, as well as through accounts in local newspapers. Readers will come away from this collection with a deeper appreciation of the different ways that the First World War, and its aftermath, shaped the lives of Albertans. For many, these four tumultuous years represented a time of individual valour and of communities pulling together and sacrificing for a noble cause. Yet, for others, the war left disillusionment and anger. Exploring these regional and local stories, as well as the national story, helps us understand the commonalities and distinctiveness of what it means to be Canadian. The Frontier of Patriotism is the most comprehensive treatment of Alberta during these critical, transformational years.

Im Zuge der Umgestaltung des Osmanischen Reichs in eine moderne Nation geriet der Journalist Friedrich Schrader in einen Balanceakt: Er teilte die imperialistischen Ambitionen der deutschen und der türkischen Seite nicht, musste im Osmanischen Lloyd jedoch auch Ansichten des Auswärtigen Amts vertreten. „Unter den nichttürkischen Zeitungen der Türkei steht auch literarisch der ‚Osmanische Lloyd‘ an erster Stelle, vor allem wegen der vortrefflichen Aufsätze und Übersetzungen von Friedrich Schrader.“ (Otto Hachtmann 1916) „Batı‘nın oryantalist küçümsemeyle andığı Doğu‘ya bir başka bakar.“ (Fikret Eser 2015) „Ideen, Dinge oder Praktiken zirkulieren und lösen Transferprozesse nicht von selbst aus, sondern hierzu bedarf es Personen oder Medien der Vermittlung.“ (Christine Mayer 2021)

This open access book analyzes the relation between dominant frameworks of LGBTQ+ identity in India and non-elite, non-metropolitan communities such as kothis and hijras, a spectrum of feminine-identified people usually assigned male at birth. Going beyond the well-known ‘third gender’ hijra community, this is the first book to study the discourses and practices of related but underrepresented groups like kothis and dhuranis in small-town and rural India while simultaneously examining their relation to and role within LGBTQ+ identity politics. Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork, the book demonstrates that non-elite groups facilitate the transregional expansion of organized queer politics and become more consolidated as gender/sexual identities in the process. Yet, they often remain irreducible to emerging identity categories and become subordinated through hierarchies of scale and language that serve to contain such communities and related discourses as local and vernacular. The book shows how this process, in effect, denies them an equal role in transnational LGBT politics; reinforces class/caste hierarchies within and beyond queer communities; and delegitimizes or erases articulations of gender/sexual difference that contravene dominant understandings of gender/sexual identity aligned with transnational capitalism, liberalism, or nationalism. Simultaneously, it reveals how non-elite communities rearticulate dominant identity categories in more equal, liberatory ways. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. This book was made possible with generous support from the University of Iowa’s Office of the Vice President for Research and College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.

Obsidian Across the Americas draws attention to recent obsidian studies in the Americas and acts as a reference for archaeologists and scholars interested in material culture and exchange. Moreover, it provides a wide range of case studies in obsidian characterization, material application, and theoretical interpretations in the Americas. The limited geographic occurrence and relatively homogenous nature of obsidian have made the material ideal for archaeometric studies. Since Cann and Renfrew’s seminal paper in 1967 on the compositional analysis of obsidian in the Mediterranean, analytical techniques have improved, identification and characterization of sources have increased, and applications have broadened geographically and theoretically to address various socio-cultural activities and behaviours around the world. While many previous publications have focused on different aspects of obsidian characterization, this volume uniquely presents obsidian compositional studies from across the Americas that have relied on the instrumentation housed in the Elemental Analysis Facility at the Field Museum of Natural History. The case studies, which feature materials from North American, Mesoamerican, and South American geological sources, explore the ways in which obsidian analyses have been used to investigate interactions, socio-economic exchanges, and socio-cultural change at multiple scales in the past.

In 1992, the voters of Colorado passed a ballot initiative amending the state constitution to prevent the state or any local government from adopting any law or policy that protected a person with a homosexual, lesbian, or bisexual orientation from discrimination. This amendment was immediately challenged in the courts as a denial of equal protection of the laws under the United States Constitution. This litigation ultimately led to a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court invalidating the Colorado ballot initiative. Suzanne Goldberg, an attorney involved in the case from the beginning on behalf of the Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, and Lisa Keen, a journalist who covered the initiative campaign and litigation, tell the story of this case, providing an inside view of this complex and important litigation.