Open Access Books

Kronika trapezuncka Michała Panaretosa jest najważniejszym źródłem do dziejów Cesarstwa Trapezunckiego, w którym nieprzerwanie od 1204 roku do połowy XV wieku rządziła dynastia Wielkich Komnenów. Ukazało się już wiele przekładów Kroniki na języki nowożytne. Obecnie prezentowane wydanie jest pierwszym tłumaczeniem dzieła Panaretos na język polski. Publikowany tekst Kroniki opatrzony jest bogatym komentarzem historycznym i filologicznym.

The study covers a range of problems related to risk management, logistics, enterprise relocation, transport infrastructure and sustainable development of transport enterprises, especially in conditions of military threats. It is determined that modern trends in risk management demonstrate significant progress with the expansion of its boundaries by introducing new concepts such as risk management, risk economics, risk engineering, risk administration and risk production. New professional approaches to risk classification are proposed, and the elements of risk content – certainty and uncertainty, taking into account their limiting values – are specified. It is proven that the erroneous perception of complete certainty or complete uncertainty in management processes is a factor that reduces the effectiveness of organizational decisions. The illusion of complete certainty leads to excessive bureaucratization and loss of adaptability, while the idea of complete uncertainty stimulates impulsive, unfounded decisions without proper analysis and forecasting. The elimination of such illusions allows the formation of adaptive management strategies that are able to respond more effectively to changes in the external environment. To assess the readiness of enterprises for development, a two-component methodological approach is proposed, based on the analysis of investment adequacy and the balance of activity costs. An integral indicator of investment adequacy is determined, which allows assessing the resource capacity of enterprises. The testing of the approach at Ukrainian motor transport enterprises showed a low level of this indicator – a value in the range of 1.2–1.7 with a standard of 3 indicates limited resources for economic development and the dominance of survival strategies instead of development. An analysis of the transport industry of Ukraine showed a significant deterioration in its indicators due to military aggression. In particular, the number of operating business entities, the volume of products sold and the level of profitability of enterprises decreased. The main problems of the industry are identified: disruption of transport chains, resource shortages, destruction of infrastructure and a decrease in the solvency of the population. In this regard, the need for the implementation of anti-crisis management is substantiated, which involves four consecutive stages: diagnostics of the state of the enterprise, development of an anti-crisis strategy, implementation of stabilization measures and methods and assessment of the effectiveness of these measures. Particular attention is paid to the adaptation of anti-crisis management to the conditions of the war period. The problems of relocation of high-tech enterprises under martial law are studied. Logistics planning models are proposed that take into account the risks caused by military actions and disruption of transport corridors. The key stages of relocation are identified: selection of a safe location, adaptation of logistics infrastructure, establishment of new supply channels. Particular attention is paid to optimizing the supply of components at the new location of the enterprise, which is an important factor in maintaining competitiveness and sustainability of production. The study considers the role of transport infrastructure in ensuring regional economic development. It is emphasized that transport facilities can have both positive and negative impacts on the regional economy. On the one hand, they contribute to the development of material flows and business activity, and on the other hand, they can stimulate population outflow and cause uneven development. The introduction of innovative transport infrastructure management mechanisms is proposed to ensure sustainable economic growth of regions. Particular attention is paid to the sustainable development of passenger transport enterprises. A set of measures is proposed to financially support transport enterprises taking into account the principles of sustainable development. It is shown that investing in the modernization of vehicles, process automation and environmentally friendly technologies will contribute not only to reducing costs, but also to improving the quality of services and minimizing the negative impact on the environment. An important aspect is the improvement of the route network and optimization of bus schedules. The need for integration of various types of public transport, the use of monitoring and dispatching information systems for prompt adjustment of routes in accordance with changes in demand is identified. The obtained research results can be used both at the level of individual transport enterprises and for the formation of state transport policy. The proposed approaches will contribute to increasing the stability of the transport system, ensuring the effective functioning of logistics processes and sustainable development of the country's economy in the face of modern challenges.

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Wie können non-binäre Menschen in der deutschen Sprache berücksichtigt werden? Welche sprachlichen Strategien ermöglichen mehr Geschlechtergerechtigkeit und welche Herausforderungen gehen damit einher? Lovis Noah A. S. Cassaris verbindet dazu theoretische Ansätze der Queer Theory mit historischen sowie aktuellen rechtlichen und institutionellen Kontexten. Anhand einer Analyse von Sprachleitfäden an Schweizer Hochschulen werden Handlungsempfehlungen diskutiert und Diskurse beleuchtet, die unsere Gesellschaft in den kommenden Jahren prägen werden.

Männer mit einem sogenannten Migrationshintergrund wurden und werden im Diskurs um neue Vaterschaft nahezu ausgeblendet. Jelena Leoni Olga Büchner zeichnet die Männlichkeitskonstruktionen von migrantisierten Vätern nach. Dazu führt sie biographisch-narrative Interviews und wertet diese mittels der dokumentarischen Methode aus. Es zeigt sich, dass die Männlichkeitskonstruktionen migrantischer Männer vielfältig sind, aber auch, dass ihr Vaterschaftserleben von Rassismuserfahrungen geprägt ist. (Neue) Vaterschaft muss daher zukünftig im Kontext intersektional verwobener sozialer Ungleichheiten analysiert werden.

The main objectives of this book are (i) to investigate the electrochemical behavior and the analytical performance of a novel ultramicroelectrode array (UMEA); (ii) to assess the analytical parameters of square-wave anodic stripping voltammetric measurements (SWASV) using the UMEA; and (iii) to estimate the potential of the UMEA in developing decentralised analytical equipments for the determination of trace concentrations of heavy metals in natural waters. Surface analytical techniques (SEM, ESEM, and AFM) showed that the UMEA chips are of high quality in manufacture. Cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric experiments proved that the electrochemical behavior of the UMEA is dominated by the features characteristic for single microelectrodes.Chronocoulometry was found to be the most suitable method in generating the Hg-film of good quality. A new UMEA chip could be plated at least ten times, corresponding to about 500 measurements of trace metals in synthetic aqueous solutions. Using SWASV, detection limits of

This open access book explains why a democratic reckoning will start when European societies win the fight against COVID-19. Have democracies successfully mastered the challenges of the pandemic? How has the coronavirus impacted democratic principles, processes and values? At the heels of the worst public health crisis in living memory, this book shines an unforgiving light on the side-lining of parliaments, the ruling by governmental decrees and the disenfranchisement of the people in the name of fighting COVID-19. Pandemocracy in Europe situates the dramatic impact of COVID-19, and the fight against the virus, on Europe's democracies. Throughout its 17 contributions the book sets the theoretical stage and answers the democratic questions engaged by health emergencies. Seven national case studies – UK, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Hungary, Switzerland, and France – show, each time with a pronounced focus on a particular element of democracy, how different states reacted to the pandemic. The book also shifts the analytical gaze beyond the nation state towards international settings, looking at the effects on the European Union and considering the impact on populist movements. Bridging disciplines and uniting a stellar cast of scholars on democracy, rule of law and constitutionalism, the book provides contours and nuances to a year of debates in political science, international relations and law on the impact of the virus on democracies. In times of uncertainty, Pandemocracy in Europe provides analysis and answers to the democratic challenges of the coronavirus. The open access edition of this book is available under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on www.bloomsburycollections.com.

Collaborations between entertainment industries and artificial intelligence researchers in Japan have since the mid-1990s produced a growing interest in modeling affect and emotion for use in mass-produced social robots. Robot producers and marketers reason that such robot companions can provide comfort, healing (iyashi), and intimacy in light of attenuating social bonds and increased socioeconomic stress characteristic of Japanese society since the collapse of the country’s bubble economy in the early 1990s. While many of these robots with so-called “artificial emotional intelligence” are equipped with rudimentary capacities to “read” predefined human emotion through such mechanisms as facial expression recognition, a new category of companion robots are more experimental. These robots do not interpret human emotion through affect-sensing software but rather invite human-robot interaction through affectively pleasing forms of haptic feedback. These new robots are called haptic creatures: robot companions designed to deliver a sense of comforting presence through a combination of animated movements and healing touch. Integrating historical analysis with ethnographic interviews with new users of these robots, and focusing in particular on the cat-like cushion robot Qoobo, this chapter argues that while companion robots are designed in part to understand specific human emotions, haptic creatures are created as experimental devices that can generate new and unexpected pleasures of affective care unique to human-robot relationships. It suggests that this distinction is critical for understanding and evaluating how corporations seek to use human-robot affect as a means to deliver care to consumers while also researching and building new markets for profit maximization.

"This is the Spanish translation of Protected Area Governance and Management. Gobernanza y gestión de áreas protegidas presenta un compendio de texto original, estudios de caso y ejemplos de todo el mundo, a partir de la literatura, el conocimiento y la experiencia de las personas involucradas en áreas protegidas. El libro sintetiza el conocimiento actual y el pensamiento de vanguardia de las diversas ramas de la práctica y el aprendizaje relevantes para la gestión y el gobierno de estas zonas. Se pretende que sea una inversión en las habilidades y competencias de las personas responsables de tal tarea y, en consecuencia, la gobernanza y la gestión efectivas, ahora y en el futuro. El éxito global del concepto de área protegida radica en su visión compartida de proteger el patrimonio natural y cultural a largo plazo, y organizaciones como la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza son una fuerza unificadora en este sentido. No obstante, las áreas protegidas son un fenómeno sociopolítico y las formas en que las naciones las entienden, las gobiernan y las manejan siempre están abiertas a disputas y debates. El libro pretende ilustrar, educar y, sobre todo, desafiar a los lectores a pensar profundamente sobre las áreas protegidas, su futuro y su pasado, así como su presente. El libro ha sido compilado por 169 autores y trata todos los aspectos de la gobernanza y gestión de áreas protegidas. Proporciona información para apoyar la capacitación en desarrollo de capacidades de los oficiales de campo, gerentes a cargo y gerentes de nivel ejecutivo."

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Die Errichtung von Hochwasserretentionsräumen entlang von Flüssen ist eine verbreitete Maßnahme zur Verbesserung des Hochwasserschutzes. Durch die zusätzlichen Überflutungsflächen können vermehrt Schadstoffe aus der Hochwasserwelle in das Grundwasser eingetragen werden. Dies kann zu einer Gefährdung der Trinkwasserressource in den Flussauen führen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Methode zur Risikoberechnung für eine Grundwassergefährdung in einem Hochwasserretentionsraum vorgestellt.

Title in English: Tomasek Days 2021: XXX. Conference of Young Microbiologists. Tomasek Days of Young Microbiologists is a conference which has been organized since 1992 annually by the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University in Brno and St. Anne’s University Hospital in Brno in cooperation with Czechoslovak Society for Microbiology. The other official conference organizers are The Czech Medical Association J. E. Purkyně and the Society for Medical Microbiology CMA JEP. The presenting author (or main author of the poster) must be under 36 years old.

Polish Internet’s lexis is one of those areas where there is a strong tendency to migrate language elements. Users of social media, messengers or auction sites eagerly borrow words of English to Polish and then absorb and disseminate it in everyday speech. On the basis of the collected research material (mainly new non-personal nouns), the article shows the trends that can be seen in the reception and assimilation of new words thematically related to the internet. Attention was paid to such elements as their word-formation and variability of spelling. Then on the similarity of dictionary entries describes two nouns borrowings: selfie and clickbait.

Title in English: Graphomotor skills: New approaches to the diagnosis This book focuses on graphomotor skills, their disorders and brings new possibilities to their diagnosis. The introduction discusses various theories of writing and the development of graphomotor skills and writing. It also defines graphomotor disorders and developmental dysgraphia and offers an overview of diagnostic methods for assessing handwriting disabilities. In the final chapter, the authors present an original approach to diagnosing graphomotor disabilities based on an objective analysis of online handwriting. The resulting “Graphomotor and Handwriting Disabilities Rating Scale” (GHDRS) allows for a detailed assessment of the sources of a child’s difficulties. The book is intended primarily for workers in the school guidance system, especially special educators and psychologists, but also for others interested in graphomotor skills.

Generation Y is not exactly revolutionising the labour market with the best reputation. This generation does not submit to office slavery and is not prepared to make concessions with regard to the compatibility of family and career. A new species of fathers also seems to have developed among this generation. The new father no longer wants to be just the breadwinner. He sees himself as a participating father, wants an emotional bond with his child and no longer just to spend quality time with his child on Sundays. The desire is great, but it is clear that the implementation is clearly lacking. Obstacles and necessary adjustments can be found not least among mothers, politicians and employers.