Secure Integrated Sensing and Communications with Movable Beyond-Diagonal RIS

Overview & Synopsis

In integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), when the sensed target is itself an eavesdropper, the illumination required for sensing coincides with the leakage that secrecy must suppress. This paper shows how a beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) with movable elements decouples the two tasks in a monostatic setting, where the echo returns to the base station through the surface. We prove that a lossless reciprocal BD-RIS maps $K$ incident fields onto $K$ prescribed fields if and only if the two sets share the same Gram matrix and their bilinear Gram matrix is symmetric; unlike a diagonal RIS, it can thus steer a two-dimensional incident subspace onto any prescribed subspace. With a single stream, sensing incurs an unavoidable rate loss, whereas a closed-form zero-forcing design with a confidential and a Gaussian sensing stream nulls the data at the target and the sensing at the user, so that sensing costs only an SNR offset. Since all variables follow in closed form for any placement, the joint design reduces to a monotone search over the element positions, without alternating optimization. Simulations show that the dual-stream design loses only $1.1$ bit/s/Hz when the sensing requirement grows by $30$ dB, against $8.3$ bit/s/Hz for a single stream, while movement, interconnection, and the robust derivative-null design add up to $1.9$, $0.9$, and $2.6$ bit/s/Hz, respectively.