Monte-Carlo simulation and analytical expressions for the extrapolated range and transmission rate of low energy electrons [10 eV–10 keV] in 11 monoatomic materials

Overview & Synopsis

The "extrapolated range" of electrons is a very practical physical parameter widely used in many applications. The commonly used analytical expressions are given classically for energies down to ~1 keV. Low energy Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to extract this parameter in various materials down to several tens of eV. These simulations have been used to parameter both, transmission probability and projected range analytical expressions. These empirical equations have been extended to 11 monoatomic elements (C, Be, Al, Si, Ti, Ni, Cu, Ge, Ag, Fe and W) and for energies ranging from ~10 eV up to some tens of MeV.