Dietary acrylamide exposure among Finnish adults and children: The potential effect of reduction measures

Overview & Synopsis

A deterministic exposure assessment using the Nusser method that adjusts for within-subject variation and for nuisance effects among Finnish children and adults was carried out. The food consumption data covered 2,038 adults (25-74 years old) and 1,514 children of one, three, and six years of age, with the data on foods' acrylamide content obtained from published Finnish studies. We found that acrylamide exposure was highest among the three-year-old children (median: 1.01 µg / kg bw / day, 97.5th percentile: 1.95 µg / kg bw/ day) and lowest among 65-74-year-old women (median: 0.31 µg / kg bw/ day, 97.5th percentile: 0.69 µg / kg bw/day). Among adults, the most important source of acrylamide exposure was coffee, followed by casseroles rich in starch, then rye bread. Among children, the most important sources were casseroles rich in starch and, then, biscuits and, finally, chips and other fried potatoes. Replacing lightly roasted coffee with dark roasted, swapping sweet wheat buns for biscuits, and decreasing the acrylamide content of starch-based casseroles and rye bread by 50% would result in a 50% decrease in acrylamide exposure in adults. Among children, substituting boiled potatoes for chips and other friend potatoes and replacing biscuits with sweet wheat buns while lowering the acrylamide content of starch-based casseroles by 50% would lead to acrylamide exposure that is only half of the original exposure. Conclusions: Dietary modifications could have a large impact in decreasing acrylamide exposure.